Под спряжением глаголов в английском языке понимают их изменение по лицам, числам и другим категориям. В этом вопросе существует много расхождений с русским языком.
I was at the cinema. – Я был в кино./We were at the cinema. – Мы были в кино. (Past Simple)
I was reading a newspaper. – Я читал газету./We were reading a newspaper. – Мы читали газету. (Past Continuous)
Таблица спряжение глаголов в английском языке
Склонение глаголов в настоящем времени можно представить в виде подробной схемы, где продемонстрирована трансформация по категории лица. Следует отдельно рассмотреть смысловые глаголы и глагол-связку to be.
| to be | смысловой глагол | |
| Present Simple (Настоящее Простое) | ||
| “+” |
I am He/She/It is We/You/They are |
I dance. He/She/It dances. We/You/They dance. |
| “-“ |
I’m not He/She/It isn’t We/You/They aren’t |
I don’t dance. He/She/It doesn’t dance. We/You/They don’t dance. |
| “?” |
Am I? Is he/she/it? Are we/you/they? |
Do I dance? Does he/she/it dance? Do we/you/they dance? |
| Present Continuous (now) (Настоящее Длительное) | ||
| “+” |
I am being He/She/It is being We/You/They are being |
I am dancing. He/She/It is dancing We/You/They are dancing. |
| “-“ |
I’m not being He/She/It isn’t being We/You/They aren’t being |
I’m not dancing. He/She/It isn’t dancing. We/You/They aren’t dancing.
|
| “?” |
Am I being? Is he/she/it being? Are we/you/they being? |
Am I dancing? Is he/she/it dancing? Are we/you/they dancing? |
| Present Perfect (recently) (Настоящее Завершенное) | ||
| “+” |
I have been He/She/It has been We/You/They have been |
I have studied. He/She/It has studied. We/You/They have studied. |
| “-“ |
I haven’t been He/She/It hasn’t been We/You/They haven’t been |
I haven’t studied. He/She/It hasn’t studied. We/You/They haven’t studied. |
| “?” |
Have I been? Has he/she/it been? Have we/you/they been? |
Have I studied? Has he/she/it studied? Have we/you/they studied? |
| Present Perfect Continuous (Настоящее Завершенное Длительное) | ||
| “+” | ———– |
I have been dreaming. He/She/It has been dreaming. We/You/They have been dreaming. |
| “-“ | ———– |
I haven’t been dreaming. He/She/It hasn’t been dreaming. We/You/They haven’t been dreaming. |
| “?” | ———– |
Have I been dreaming? Has he/she/it been dreaming? Have we/you/they been dreaming? |
Глагол to be не употребляется в Настоящем Завершенном Длительном времени – Present Perfect Continuous.
Что мы узнали?
Склонение английских глаголов по лицам можно проследить на примере настоящего времени смыслового глагола и глагола to be.
